May 26 – 28, 2021, Bamberg, Germany
Program in Detail
The I4CS 2021 program flyer
You find all information and details on the conference in our program flyer.
Invited Speakers
Have a look at the details on our invited speakers.
Session 1: Services for Critical Infrastructure
Wednesday, May 26, 2021, 11:15 a.m.
| Günter Farnberger | Threshold Pair Selection for the Reliable Condition Monitoring of Telecommunication Services |
| Abstract: A service provider usually measures the conditions of its service(s) via Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and lets a Condition Monitoring System (CMS) continuously oversee them. A CMS additionally notifies the responsible workforce of abnormal KPI values. Telecommunication services often show time-varying load characteristic, i.e. their amplitudes of use fluctuate time-dependently. On account of that, a CMS has to cope the Condition Monitoring (CM) of such telecommunication services by dint of fluctuating thresholds. A couple of existing disquisitions have pioneered the calculation of dynamical thresholds to this end. Aside from the normal condition, contemporary CMSs can typically classify into the two measurable abnormal states warning and critical by way of two collaborating thresholds. Up to now, nobody has publicized a mechanism to extract the two ideal thresholds from an array that comprises at least three available ones. This contribution closes this gap by introducing three threshold extraction strategies, scrutinizing their reliability, and recommending ideas for further ones. | |
| Karl Seidenfad, Tim Hoiss and Ulrike Lechner | A Blockchain to Bridge Business Information Systems and Industrial Automation Environments in Supply Chains |
| Abstract: The design of information systems using distributed ledger technologies needs to balance the potential of disruptive technologies with community needs. The NutriSafe project implements a blockchain-based infrastructure for food supply chains using the Hyperledger Fabric framework. The paper presents results from engineering a blockchain-based solution for food production and logistics with process models, architecture, and concepts and two focus areas: the bridges between business information systems to blockchain and from Internet of Things technology to blockchain. The article discusses the concepts of integrating the blockchain infrastructure across all layers of the automation pyramid, with the implications of integrating operational technology and storing semantics between products and machinery on a distributed ledger. Throughout, ideas and designs take the needs of small and medium-sized organizations into account and aim for an open, distributed approach inspired by the edge computing philosophy. | |
Philipp Hechenberger, Günter Fahrnberger and Gerald Quirchmayr | An Approach to Supporting Militia Collaboration in Disaster Relief through a Digital Environment |
| Abstract: The continuously increasing frequency of natural disastersmakes an efficient organization of relief missions an important target forpublic safety. In Austria, the regular armed forces, militia units as theirreserve, and different civil first responder organizations support suchmissions. All of them represent important stakeholders for the restoration of public safety. Disaster relief missions need to fulfill demandingrequirements and high standards, especially when considering (military)information security. Several digital processes during and after such operations already satisfy these norms, whereas preparatory ones still requireimprovement. The literature survey included in this paper is thereforeintended to provide the foundation for further digitalization of disaster recovery operations by supporting collaboration between a variety ofstakeholders. A typical collaboration stretches over several dimensions.This paper focuses on discussing the dimensioncommunication support.The literature survey identifies the requirements, and is followed by adescription of a prototype. Interested organizations can readily adopt oradapt the presented results for disaster recovery missions in Austria. |
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Session 2: Network Architectures for Communities
Wednesday, May 26, 2021, 13:30
| Pradeepkumar Bhale, Santosh Biswas and Sukumar Nandi | LIENE: Lifetime Enhancement for 6LoWPAN Network Using Clustering Approach Use Case: Smart Agriculture |
| Abstract: TheInternet of Things (IoT) is one of the largest technological evolutions of computing. With the rapid development of communication, there was a tremendous growth of IoT technology across variousfields. IoT devices might be resourceconstrained like sensors, actuators,and embedded devices with the IEEE 802.15.4. IoT enables widespreadand ubiquitous IoT applications: transportation, logistics, safety and security, health-care, manufacturing, etc. IoT application without sensingdevices is impracticable. These sensing devices are batterypowered andconstrained by inadequate energy in terms of communication and computation. The optimized communication directs to a more extended network lifetime. Least hop count, enhanced scalability, and connectivityare onerous issues that can be addressed entirely by a clustering mechanism. We conduct comprehensive simulation studies for performanceanalysis and comparative study of IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN). with the conventional approaches inthe IoT ecosystem. The experimental outcomes prove that the intendedapproach outperforms closely-related works. | |
| Hacène Fouchal | Intermediate Pseudonym Certificate Generation for C-ITS |
| Abstract: One of the most known mechanism to ensure privacy is the use of anonymity which means that drivers have to change their identity as much as possible. In the meantime, each message has to be authenticated when it is sent. To do so, each driver should sign its messages using its private key and has to send its certificate along with the message. The use of one certificate per driver will not ensure privacy since a certificate is easily correlated to the driver identity. For this reason, each driver will use a set of certificates denoted pseudonyms certificates (PC). Each vehicle has a set of PCs which will be used to sign sent messages and will be used as a part of the driver id. A PC is used for a limited period of time. In this paper we allow to have vehicle to generate additional PCs to its neighbors when they are close to get her for a period of time. It will allow to these neighbors to have more PCs. The neighbors will be able to change their PCs more frequently. Our choice is to allow a pseudonym derivation when a minimum number of vehicles are driving close to each other. The disadvantage of such a method is the network overhead which will increase due to sending of the driver vehicle certificate in each sent message. | |
| Niels Neumann and Frank Phillipson | FttX Deployment Using Available Networks and Existing Infrastructures |
Abstract: In Fibre-to-the-X, fibre is used to connect new active optic equipment at a certain location. In most cases, a connection to anexisting network is required. Costs can be saved by using existing infras-tructure, like empty ducts and spare fibres. Often, restrictions are givenby municipalities to only use certain tracks or to only follow street pat-terns. This means that planners have to work with the combination ofseveral networks to design the new network. In this article we propose anew algorithm that finds a low cost-path between two points, using multiple available networks. The given points do not have to be connectedto one of the networks from the start. We split the problem in three subproblems: connecting the points with the network, find the transitionpoints between the networks, and finally find the low cost-path betweenthe given points. For each sub-problems an algorithm is proposed and thecombination of those is tuned for optimal performance. The algorithmis applied to a problem in telecommunication: it quickly finds low-costpaths in complex urban environments. |
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Session 3: Applications and Services Supporting Work and Life
Thursday, May 27, 2021, 11:00 a.m.
| Arlett Semm, Christian Erfurth and Seyyid Uslu | Potentials of Augmented Reality – Insights into Industrial Practice |
| Abstract: With emerging technologies, research is increasingly focusing on the digitalization of the working world and the resulting potentials, but also risks, for employees. People and technology are beginning to grow together in industrial environments. New technologies can support skills and improve results of the daily work, but the most important factor is still the human being. Assistance systems based on Augmented Reality (AR) are increasingly attract the attention of companies. Currently, there are not many implementation reports and applications in companies. This paper discusses the findings based on observations from industrial site inspections in the areas of training, commissioning of goods, and the manual assembly process. Inspections took place at three pioneering companies in the automotive industry, online distance selling, and the energy sector. When it comes to the use of assistance systems, the main goals of these companies that are very open to innovation are to improve efficiency and quality, e.g., minimize errors and optimize speed. Qualitative content analysis was used to evaluate the interview transcripts, the collected transcripts and notes from the guided tours, and the brief participations in these industries. The results are presented in the form of user experiences with AR addressing their advantages and disadvantages in the context of use. In addition, these were categorized into a predefined classification of influencing factors and challenges. | |
| Kathrin Kirchner and Britta Nordin Forsberg | A Conference Goes Virtual: Lessons from Creating a Social Event in the Virtual Reality |
| Abstract: Conferences and workshops are important activities in organizations for communication and collaboration, and in academia specifically to criticize and develop new research ideas. In order to enable social interactions during the pandemic situation, organizations use online solutions like video conference systems. A huge number of virtual conferences has been offered, and attracted more participants as the cost and participation effort were lower. However, socializing and informal exchange between conference participants during coffee breaks and conference dinners is nearly impossible in a virtual conference setting. Conferences are important to meet other researchers, to build a network and collaborate in the future, which is critical to society -to create frontier knowledge. Virtual reality could be an alternative to usual video conferences as they could allow social interaction between different participants and thus support to get in direct contact with future collaborators. Our paper explains how we created and executed asocial event in virtual reality at an online conference in academia that included 22 participants in three Nordic countries. Based on 17 interviews with Swedish and Danish participants, we analyze perceived advantages and challenges that the event participants faced. Our results provide interesting insights and recommendations for organizers of virtual conferences to enable socializing in virtual reality. | |
Christos Mettouris, Alexandros Yeratziotis, Charalampos Theodorou, Evangelia Vanezi, Achilleas Achilleos, George Papadopoulos, Sotiria Moza, Marina Polycarpou, Joanna Starosta-Sztuczka, Karol Pecyna, Terje Grimstad and Strahinja Lazic | GUIDed: Assisted-Living Smart Platform & Social Communication for Older Adults |
| Abstract: The aging population, the increased incidence of chronic disease, the technological advances and the rapidly escalating health-care costs are driving healthcare from hospital and day care centres to home. The GUIDed AAL EU project focuses on the challenge of keeping older adults independent and functioning in their own homes for as long as possible, by facilitating important activities of daily living through ICT solutions. Through a modular and customizable smart home platform, backend system and Android application, assisted-living solutions and services are offered to facilitate seniors' daily lives in their own home and the community. The main target areas are smart home control, home safety enhancement, city navigation, nutrition and health improvement, and socialisation/communication. In this paper, we present three of the five GUIDed services and report on our findings from the evaluation of the High-Fidelity (Hi-Fi) paper prototypes for these services. The Hi-Fi prototypes were tested by older adults and their caregivers using focus groups in four European countries, namely Austria, Cyprus, Norway and Poland. The results showed that all of the users found the GUIDed system understandable and easy to use, which is an encouraging finding considering older participants’ low technological literacy. |
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Session 4: Community Data and Visualization
Thursday, May 27, 2021, 13:30
| Marius Bäsler and Manuel Bäsler | Abusive Use of Distance Indicators on Dating Platforms through Trilateration |
| Abstract: Numerous social media platforms expose their user’s location data to the public. This study was conducted to show how easily this data can be collected and visualized. Using basic a basic PC, trilateration and a database, 104 million data points from over 23 thousand unique users were collected over the course of nine days. Visualization with the help of Leaflet showed that the daily commute of randomly selected users was easily visualized and critical information like his or her home address, habits and work place could get extracted. Website operators need to implement measures to mitigate lateration attacks. Otherwise, their user’s privacy can be violated by everyone with basic scripting skills. | |
| Niklas Scheidthauer, Julian Knoll and Rainer Gross | Visualizing Customer Journeys: How to Illustrate the Entire Customer Interaction Universe of a Commercial Website in Real-time |
| Abstract: During the last decades, the internet has become an increasingly important channel for businesses to sell products and communicate with customers. Web analytics helps companies to understand customer behavior and optimizes processes to satisfy the customer needs but there is still room for improvement in real-time visualization in the context of business content. In this paper, we describe a graph-based visualization showing the entirety of the web-site activities at a glance. To increase the tangibility of customer behavior, the graph adapts to the website interactions in real time using smooth transitions from one state to another. Furthermore, we incorporate machine learning in our data integration process to deal with the dynamics of change of website content over time. Finally, we conduct an evaluation in the form of expert interviews revealing that our approach is suitable to optimize digitalized business processes, initiate marketing campaigns, increase the tangibility to the customer, and put a stronger focus on customer needs. | |
| Achilleas Achilleos, Andreas Konstantinidis, Rafael Alexandrou, Christos Markides, Effie Zikouli and George Papadopoulos | A Web Platform and a Context Aware Recommender System for Active Sport Events |
| Abstract: Customer recommendations have proved to boost sales, increase customer satisfaction and improve user experience, making recommender systems an important tool for businesses. While recommendations of items such as products or movies, when browsing online, are heavily examined and several recommendation algorithms and systems are developed, still recommendation systems for events present unique challenges. This becomes even more challenging when recommending active sport events to users, due to inherent restrictions and limitations. This paper presents a context aware recommender system developed and integrated to the ST76 web platform, which enables for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, to provide recommendations of users that are more likely to participate in an upcoming active sport event. Also, we showcase the importance of the ST76 platform and recommender system for sports tourism, through the analysis of the economic impact of an active sport event hosted on the platform. |
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Session 5: Technology Empowers Industry Processes
Friday, May 28, 2021, 11:00 a.m.
| Karl-Heinz Lüke, Dirk Von Hugo and Gerald Eichler | 5G Network Quality of Service Supporting Adequate Quality of Experience for Industrial Demands in Process Automation |
| Abstract: Future converged communication systems have to fulfil challenging tasks, promised to be delivered by the fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks. 5G shall enable services on the move with both well-known and new emerging performance requirements, while preserving high security and privacy levels to the customers’ diverse devices and applications. The applications typically demand a specific quality level end user expectation, measured by Quality of Experience (QoE). To enable QoE, the network has to provide the corresponding end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS), described in terms of technical key performance indicators. The capability to offer different services, covering variable use cases for customer groups in a resource efficient manner, is denoted as network slicing. Addressed services shall cover a broad range of vertical business applications. This contribution will focus on selected solution concepts, rated by potential customers, to enable a set of exemplary industrial applications with demanding requirements in terms of throughput, latency, and device density. Such QoE levels are typically demanded by the automotive industry and car manufacturers to achieve cost-efficient production e.g., by wireless process control. Within the empirical survey of selected use cases of 5G in the automotive industry, the topics Remote Access and Predictive Maintenance, Design and Operation of Mobile Sensor Networks, Wireless Process Monitoring, and Wireless Control and Monitoring of Production Logistics receive the highest approval ratings. | |
| David Gutewort, Arlett Semm and Christian Erfurth | Raising Awareness of SMEs for Real-Time Locating Systems (RTLS) in Intralogistics – A Workplace Learning Approach |
| Abstract: Digital transformation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is progressing only slowly. In addition to scarce resources, there is often a lack of the necessary IT or technology knowledge and acceptance among employees. In this paper, we present a possible approach for introducing a specific technology, real-time location, in an intralogistics scenario. Together with a pilot company, load carriers are equipped with tags for tracking in an exemplary scenario. The potential of the technology and its concrete application are demonstrated in a teaching and learning concept specially developed for the employees of SMEs. The selection of the technology, the procedure for setting up the scenario and the conception of the workplace learning approach are described in detail. |
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Session 6: Future Community Support
Friday, May 28, 2021, 12:30
| Steffen Späthe and Peter Conrad | General Requirements and System Architecture in Local Micro Smart Grid |
| Abstract: Integrating electromobility and local energy generation based on renewable energy sources into commercial housing poses a challenge for network operators, tenants, as well as the housing industry itself. This paper analyzes the general technical and organizational requirements to establish a local micro smart grid within the framework of the research project Winner Reloaded. Starting from a general analysis of the requirements, a suitable architecture design is derived, focusing on four main, high-level components for data collection, system control, billing, and tenant information. Further this paper describes each component in more detail and discuss the resulting system’s viability, taking both technological and organizational viewpoints into account. | |
| Frank Phillipson, Tariq Bontekoe and Irina Chiscop | Energy Storage Scheduling: a QUBO Formulation for Quantum Computing |
| Abstract: Energy storage systems and home energy management and control systems will play an important role in reaching the Paris Agreement on climate change. Underlying scheduling mechanisms will lead to a computational burden when the size of the systems and the size of the control space increase. One, upcoming alternative to overcome this computational burden is quantum computing. Here a quantum computer is used to solve the scheduling problems. In this paper an approach of using the D-Wave quantum annealing to solve an energy storage scheduling problem is proposed and used to solve a small example. The example shows the potential that quantum computing can have in this area in the future. |
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